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Description
Causes:
Iodine deficiency - It plays a major role in production of thyroid hormones, when it is not enough in diet, thyroid get enlarged.
Autoimmunity – Our own body immune system attack on thyroid gland.
Grave’s Disease
Hashimoto’s Thyroiditis
Multinodular goiter – Several solid or fluid filled lumps formed both sides of thyroid gland causes too much production of thyroid hormone leads to goiter.
Other common cause like genetic effects, infections to thyroid glands, and due to benign tumors.
Swelling at the base of neck
Tightness of throat
Coughing
Trouble swallowing
Trouble breathing
Risk factors:
Above 40 age
Being woman
Pregnancy conditions
Family history
Lack of iodine in diet
Certain medications heart drugs like amiodarone, psychiatric drugs like lithium
Diagnosis:
Physical examination
Hormone tests for thyroid gland activity
Antibody tests for Grave’s and Hashimoto’s disease
Ultrasound examination for nodules
CT and MRI for neck to check windpipe
Biopsy for tissue or fluid examination
Treatment:
Corticosteroid medications to treat inflammation of thyroid gland.
Medications for hyper and hypothyroidism to normalize hormone levels.
Oral administration of radioactive Iodine destroys abnormal thyroid cells.
Thyroidectomy is an option for swallowing and breathing conditions.
Tags
Thyroid gland, thyroxine, mri scan, nodules, auto immune disease
