An oral coagulant drug used in rat poisoning,a symmetrical isocoumarin can be considered as the "parent" of the widely used anticoagulant drug, warfarin.
Acyclovir
Acyclovir, Aciclovir, Acycloguanosine
Accrivir, Aciherpin, Aciherpin crm, Acirax, Aciv, Acivir injction, Acivir eye ointment, Acivir skin cream, Zovirax.
2-amino-9-[(2-hydroxyethoxy) methyl]-6,9-dihydro-3H-purin-6-one
Viral (HSV-1, HSV-2 and VZV) thymidine kinase converts aciclovir to the aciclovir monophosphate, aciclovir monophosphate then converted into the aciclovir diphosphate by cellular guanylate kinase, and finally by phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase, phosphoglycerate kinase, and pyruvate kinase the diphosphate coverts into the triphosphate. Aciclovir triphosphate inhibits competitively the viral DNA polymerase and for incorporation into viral DNA competes with the natural deoxyguanosine triphosphate. Once incorporated, aciclovir triphosphate inhibits DNA synthesis by acting as a chain terminator. Aciclovir is selective and low in cytotoxicity as the cellular thymidine kinase of uninfected, normal; the cell does not use aciclovir effectively as a substrate.
Used to treat infection caused by viruses such as shingles, chicken pox, treatment of initial and recurrent mucocutaneous herpes simplex virus infections, varicella-zoster infections.
Anemia, hemoglobinemia, leukocytoclastic vasculitis, leukopenia, lymphadenopathy, and thrombocytopenia. Rash, pruritus, or urticaria occasionally occurs during oral or IV acyclovir therapy.
Geriatrics, children, pregnancy and lactation, in patients with hypersensitivity reactions, agitation, drowsiness.
Keep container tightly closed in a dry and well-ventilated place. Store at 15-25°C.
225.208 g/mol
C8H11N5O3
59277-89-3
Acyclovir should be used with caution in patients with underlying neurologic abnormalities and in patients with serious renal, hepatic, or electrolyte abnormalities or substantial hypoxia.
