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Allopurinol

Allopurinol, sold under the brand name Zyloprim and generics, is a medication used primarily to treat excess uric acid in the blood and its complications, including chronic gout. It is a xanthine oxidase inhibitor and is administered orally. More

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Description

Allopurinol, sold under the brand name Zyloprim and generics, is a medication used primarily to treat excess uric acid in the blood and its complications, including chronic gout. It is a xanthine oxidase inhibitor and is administered orally.

Generic Name

Allopurinol

Chemical names

Allopurinol, 1H-Pyrazolo [3, 4-d] pyrimidin-4-ol, Zyloprim, Lopurin

Brand names

Aligout, Allgoric, Aloric, Aloriv, Aluno-A, Axanthine, B-Loric, Biorinol, Burin, Ciploric, Edorin, Goloric, Gudloric, Gurik, Gylor, Lodiric, Logout-SR, Louric, Myloric, Piloric, Purace, Purinol, Riloric, Satric, Soviric, S

IUPAC name

1H, 2H, 4H-pyrazolo [3, 4-d] pyrimidin-4-one

Pharmacokinetics

  • Absorption: Oral(GI)
  • Distribution: Not bound to plasma protein
  • Metabolism: Hepatic
  • Excretion: feces.

Actions

Allopurinol, a structural analog of the natural purine base hypoxanthine, is used to prevent renal calculi and gout due to either uric acid or calcium oxalate and to treat uric acid nephropathy, hyperuricemia, and some solid tumors.

Dosage/Dosage form

Max 600mg/day

Therapeutic uses

Gout and Hyperuricemia

Adverse effects/Side effects

Rash, diarrhea, nausea, increased level of liver enzyme

Interaction

CYP3A4 inhibitors e.g. azole antifungals, diclofenac, clarithromycin, doxycycline, imatinib, erythromycin, nefazodone, isoniazid, nicardipine, protease inhibitors, propofol, telithromycin, quinidine and verapamil may increase the levels of allopurinol.

Contraindications

Hypersensitivity

Storage

Store below 25°C.

Information

Molecular weight

136.1115

Molecular formula

C5H4N4O

CAS number

315-30-0

Precautions

Caution should be taken in patients of kidney/liver disorders, heart problems, and bone marrow problems.