Gentamicin

Gentamicin, sold under brand names Garamycin among others, is an antibiotic used to treat several types of bacterial infections.

Gentamicin

Gentamicin; Garamycin; Gentacycol; GENTAMYCIN; Gentavet

Bactigen, Belar-G, Biogaracin, Candigen-BG, Clobetamil-G, Cloma-G, Clotech-GMZ, Cortisol-G, Dermonit, Dipgenta, Diprovate-G, Emugent DPS, Enderm-GM, G-Mycin, G.Mycin E/E, G20/80, Garamax, Garamycin INJ, Geco, Gem, Gem INJ, Genbiotic, Genka, Genkind, Genmycin, Gensat, Genster, Genta Cort-D, Genta Swift, Genta Swift E/E, Genta Swift-D, Gentacip, Gentacip-D, Gentacort-FC, Gentacort-MF, Gentact, Gentafast, Gentalab, Gentalab DPS, Gentam, Gentamicin, Gentamicin INJ, Gentamicin Sulphate, Gentamycin, Gentamycin INJ, Gentaril, Gentasia, Gentasia-D, Gentasporin, Gentasporin E/E

2-{[4,6-diamino-3-({3-amino-6-[1-(methylamino)ethyl]oxan-2-yl}oxy)-2-hydroxycyclohexyl]oxy}-5-methyl-4-(methylamino)oxane-3,5-diol

Poor absorption.

Gentamicin is a broad spectrum aminoglycoside antibiotic act by binding to the bacterial 30S ribosomal subunit, causes misreading of t-RNA, leaving the bacterium unable to synthesize proteins vital to its growth. Aminoglycosides are useful primarily in infections involving aerobic, Gram-negative bacteria, such as Pseudomonas, Acinetobacter, and Enterobacter. 

The recommended dose is 1.5-2 mg/kg loading dose followed by 1-1.7 mg/kg every 8 hours or 5-7 mg/kg every 24 hours.

P. aeruginosa, Proteus species (indole-positive and indole-negative), E. coli, Klebsiella-Enterobactor-Serratia species, Citrobacter species and Staphylococcus species (coagulase-positive and coagulase-negative), these stains will be treated by gentamicin.

Dizziness or vertigo; acute renal failure, interstitial nephritis, acute tubular necrosis; electrolyte imbalances; transient elevation of serum bilirubin and aminotransferases; purpura; nausea, vomiting; convulsions, mental depression, hallucinations. Atrophy or rat necrosis at inj sites. Nephrotoxicity, ototoxicity and neuromuscular blockade

• Cephalosporins, cisplatin, ciclosporin, vancomycin, hydrocortisone and indometacin potentiate nephrotoxicity.
• When combined with ethacrynic acid and furosemide incidence of ototoxicity increased.
• Potentiates neuromuscular blocking agents.
• Synergistic with ampicillin, benzylpenicillin and other β-lactam antibiotics.
• Increased risk of severe respiratory depression when used concurrently with anaesthetics or opioids.
• when used with biphosphonates may induce hypocalcaemia and reduce renal clearance of zalcitabine
• Not to be used with agalsidase alfa or beta as it may inhibit α-galactosidase activity.

Pregnancy; History of hypersensitivity to aminoglycoside; perforated ear drum. Hepatic impairment.

Store at 15-30°C.

Molecular weight

477.5954

Molecular formula

C21H43N5O7

CAS number

1403-66-3

Precautions

• Concurrent use of neuromuscular blocking agents; myasthenia gravis, Parkinsonism; conditions predisposing to ototoxicity and nephrotoxicity; lactation.
• Plasma concentrations of this drug will have to monitor in infants, patients who is receiving high doses or prolonged courses, in elderly, and patients with renal impairment, cystic fibrosis or significant obesity.
• Monitor auditory and renal functions.