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Hydroquinone

Hydroquinone, also benzene-1,4-diol or quinol, is an aromatic organic compound that is a type of phenol, a derivative of benzene, having the chemical formula C?H?(OH)?. It has two hydroxyl groups bonded to a benzene ring in a para position. More

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Description

Hydroquinone, also benzene-1,4-diol or quinol, is an aromatic organic compound that is a type of phenol, a derivative of benzene, having the chemical formula C?H?(OH)?. It has two hydroxyl groups bonded to a benzene ring in a para position.

Generic Name

Hydroquinone

Chemical names

Hydroquinone; 1,4-benzenediol; Benzene-1,4-diol; 1,4-Dihydroxybenzene

Brand names

A-Ret-HC, Acnezac-MH, Acsolve-H, Benoquin Oint, Brite, Claripel Plus Cream, D-Masi, D-Masi Forte, Depig, Depig-F, Depig-TM, Depiwhite, Eslite, Eukroma, Eukroma-2%, Eukroma-SG, Eveglow, Glyaha-H, Glyaha-Koj, Hqlite, HQN, HQN Plus, Hyclean, Hyde, Hyde SOLN, Hyne, Lite-UP, M-Lite, Melabest, Melacare, Melacare Forte, Melacare-HC, Melacut, Melalite, Melalite Forte, Melalite Plus, Melalite-15, Melalite-XL, Melalong, Melanorm, Melanorm-HC, Melanorm-HC Forte, Metacortil-Lite, Multi-HTM, Pinquin, Skinlite Ever, Tinacare, Triglow

IUPAC name

benzene-1,4-diol

Pharmacokinetics

Actions

This reduce the melanin pigment production through inhibition of the tyrosinase enzyme, which is involved in the initial step of the melanin pigment biosynthesis pathway. Hydroquinone takes several months to take effect.

Dosage/Dosage form

Local application as 2-4% cream. Apply twice daily on the affected site.

Therapeutic uses

OTC topical lightening agent for disorders of hyperpigmentation 

Adverse effects/Side effects

Transient erythema, mild burning sensations; hyperpigmentation. Staining and corneal opacities. Tremors and convulsions after systemic absorption. Occasionally, hypersensitivity.

Interaction

Hydroquinone should be avoided with Hydrogen peroxide, benzoyl peroxide or other peroxide containing products, since it can cause skin darkening.

Contraindications

Hypersensitivity. Sunburn or depilatory usage. Children <12 years.

Storage

Store it at room temperature (20°-25°C), keep away from light and moisture.

Information

Molecular weight

110.1106

Molecular formula

C6H6O2

CAS number

123-31-9

Precautions

Pregnancy, lactation. Avoid contact with eyes and on abraded or sunburnt skin. Avoid unnecessary exposure to sunlight. Limit application to area no larger than face and neck or hands and arms. Not advised to use when itching, vesicle formation, or excessive inflammation occurs. Discontinue application if there is no improvement after 2 months of treatment.