Quinine- medication used to treat malaria and babesiosis.

Quinine is a medication used to treat malaria and babesiosis. This includes the treatment of malaria due to Plasmodium falciparum

Quinine- medication used to treat malaria and babesiosis.

Quinine; Chinin; (8S,9R)-Quinine; 130-95-0; Chinine

Cinkona, 9Q, Cinkona INJ, Car-Q, Falcimax-Q, Foquin, Kwinil, Malgo, Mosgard, Nine, Pbquin, Q9, Q9-300, Qinarsol, QSM, QST, Quace, Quin-9, Quinarsol, Quiner, Quinex, Quininga, Quinlex, Quinlup, Quinogold, Quinsul, Qunage, Q

(R)-[(1S,2S,4S,5R)-5-ethenyl-1-azabicyclo[2.2.2]octan-2-yl](6-methoxyquinolin-4-yl)methanol

Quinine is used parenterally to treat life-threatening infections caused by chloroquine-resistant Plasmodium falciparum malaria. This acts as a blood schizonticide also has gametocytocidal activity against P. malariae and P. vivax. Because it is a weak base, it is concentrated in the food vacuoles of P. falciparum. It is thought to act by inhibiting heme polymerase, thereby allowing accumulation of its cytotoxic substrate, heme. As a schizonticidal drug, it is less effective and more toxic than chloroquine. 

Oral

• Malaria: The recommended dose is 648 mg 8 hourly for 7 days
• Leg cramps: 200-300 mg at bed time.

For the treatment of malaria, lupus, nocturnal leg cramps and arthritis.

Cinchonism characterised by tinnitus, impaired hearing, headache, nausea, vomiting, disturbed vision, vertigo, abdominal pain and diarrhoea; urticaria, pruritus, fever, angioedema, asthma, dyspnoea, haemoglobinuria, thrombocytopenic purpura, hypoglycaemia, renal failure, hypoprothrombinaemia, agranulocytosis, Inj site irritation, pain and necrosis. AV block, ventricular fibrillation, sinus arrest, and sudden death when use as  with IV.

• Rifampicin accelerates quinine clearance; cimetidine inhibits quinine metabolism; quinine may enhance hypoglycaemic effects of oral antidiabetics.
• Increases digitalis toxicity;
• Increased risk of convulsions with mefloquine.
• Warfarin enhances the hypoprothrombinaemic effect of quinine.
• Concurrent admin with aluminium and/or magnesium containing antacids may decrease the absorption of quinine.
• Increased risk of ventricular arrhythmias with amiodarone, halofantrine, astemizole, terfenadine, cisapride and pimozide.

Hypersensitivity to quinine or quinidine. Myasthaenia gravis; haemolytic anaemia; quinine-resistant falciparum; patients with tinnitus or optic neuritis; patients who have suffered an attack of blackwater fever. Prolonged QT interval. Pregnancy.

Store at 25-30°C.

Molecular weight

324.4168

Molecular formula

C20H24N2O2

CAS number

130-95-0

Precautions

• Monitor patients with hepatic impairment for adverse reactions.
• Lactation. CV diseases; G6PD deficient individuals.